Resources

Your Chlorine Sensor Is Lying to You — Here's 65 Days of Proof

A compelling data-driven look at how conventional chlorine sensors drift and misreport over time, with 65 days of side-by-side comparative data.

By Halogen Systems Inc.

Technical Guidance Note: DPD and Total Chlorine Calibration

Detailed technical guidance on calibrating total chlorine measurements using DPD reference methods. Covers procedure, tips, and common errors. Version 1.2.

By Halogen Systems Inc.

Simple Guide: DPD and Total Chlorine Calibration

A straightforward field guide for operators performing DPD-based total chlorine calibration. Written for technicians — plain language, step by step. Version 1.0.

By Halogen Systems Inc.

Calibrating Total Chlorine with Free Chlorine

Explains the relationship between total and free chlorine measurements and how to use free chlorine references to calibrate total chlorine sensors accurately.

By Halogen Systems Inc.

Investigating Chlorine Monitoring Options for Water Conservation and Safety

How the City of Lakewood, CA solved its water waste and infrastructure challenges with a new in-pipe chlorine sensor. Published in AWWA Opflow, April 2025.

By Michael Santillan, Derwin Dy, Derek Nguyen & Michael Silveri

AWWA Opflow — April 2025

Less Waste, Easier Maintenance — Why You Need to Look at Amperometric Sensors

A comprehensive comparison of amperometric sensor technologies including membrane, bare electrode, and direct-insertion designs. Covers NSF-61 certification, flow independence, and self-cleaning systems.

By Michael Silveri

Water Environment Technology — March 2022

Streams of Information — A Breakthrough Sensor for Ballast Water Treatment

How Halogen Systems developed cutting-edge TRO sensor technology through a Navy SBIR program, leading to commercial deployment on 1,200+ ships worldwide.

By Office of Naval Research

ONR SBIR Success Story

Water Quality Monitoring for Legionella Control

How new sensor technology makes it practical to monitor water quality throughout a building's hot water system for Legionella prevention.

By David J. Swiderski (HC Info) & Michael Silveri (Halogen Systems)

Measuring Monochloramine Without Reagents

A new control method for chloramination using the MP-TOTAL sensor to measure free chlorine and monochloramine simultaneously without reagents.

By Halogen Systems Inc.

MP5-A: A New Standard in Accuracy

Testing shows the MP5-A maintains ±4% accuracy across wide ranges of pH (6.5–8.5), temperature (10–35°C), and conductivity (156–10,000 µS) — outperforming competing sensors.

By Halogen Systems Inc.

Demand-Based Flushing with AMI & Water Quality Sensors

How the City of Gainesville, GA uses Halogen sensors integrated with Sensus AMI to optimize flushing operations and reduce non-revenue water.

By Halogen Systems Inc. & Sensus (Xylem)

Chlorine Analyzers Waste 6.1 Billion Gallons of Non-Revenue Water

Traditional sensors require a 70,000-gallon waste stream per year. The MP5 eliminates this entirely with direct in-pipe installation.

By Halogen Systems Inc.

ORP versus Amperometry for Chlorine Measurement

A technical comparison of ORP and amperometric methods for TRO measurement. Covers electrode poisoning, ±30% ORP error, logarithmic response limitations, and why amperometry is the correct choice for quantitative control.

By Halogen Systems Inc.